关于英语的,请详细说明,越详细越好,---Let‘s go hiking if it --------But nobaby knows if it ----A is fine;will rain B will be fine ;rainsC will be fine D is fine;rains

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关于英语的,请详细说明,越详细越好,---Let‘s go hiking if it --------But nobaby knows if it ----A is fine;will rain B will be fine ;rainsC will be fine D is fine;rains
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关于英语的,请详细说明,越详细越好,---Let‘s go hiking if it --------But nobaby knows if it ----A is fine;will rain B will be fine ;rainsC will be fine D is fine;rains
关于英语的,请详细说明,越详细越好,
---Let‘s go hiking if it -----
---But nobaby knows if it ----
A is fine;will rain B will be fine ;rains
C will be fine D is fine;rains

关于英语的,请详细说明,越详细越好,---Let‘s go hiking if it --------But nobaby knows if it ----A is fine;will rain B will be fine ;rainsC will be fine D is fine;rains

A

语法引导条件状语从句最常用的连词是if,由if引导的条件状语从句表示在某种条件下某事很可能发生.如：

1） If you ask him,he will help you.如果你请他帮忙,他会帮你的.

2） If you fail in the exam,you will let him
down.如果你考试不及格,你会让他失望的

if引导的条件状语从句既可以将从句放前面也可以将从句放后面

（如果天下雨,我们就不玩了）If it rains,we will stop playing.‘

转为We will stop playing if it rains.

I would have arrived much earlier if I had not been caught in
the traffic.如果没有堵车,我会到的早一点儿.

1、unless conj.除非,若不,除非在……的时候

You will fail to arrive there in time unless you start
earlier.如果你不早点动身,你就不能及时赶到那儿.

Unless it rains,the game will be played.除非下雨,比赛将照常进行.

2、on condition(that)...在……条件下,如果 on condition (that)...引导的条件从句是主句事件发生的前提条件或唯一条件.

You can go swimming on condition (that) you don't go too far
from the river bank.你只有在不远离河岸的条件下才可以下水游泳.

3、supposing conj.如果,假如 supposing引导的条件从句表示一种假设条件.

Supposing it rains,shall we continue the sports
meeting?倘若下雨,我们的运动会还要继续举行吗?

Supposing anything should go wrong,what would you do
then?假如出了什么问题,你准备怎么对付?

4、provided conj.假如,除非,以……为条件 provided (that) +从句表示一种假设条件.

He will sign the contract provided we offer more favorable
terms.如果我们提出更优惠的条件,他就会在合同上签字.

从上述例句可以看出if,unless,on condition
(that),supposing,provided等词引导的条件状语从句,主从句条件关系分明,结构清晰.

但有些句子,虽没有含条件关系的连词,却也隐含着条件关系,这些句子常用一些词,如but for,without等引出一个介词结构来表示条件,条件应该是虚拟的,或与事实相反的假设.

经典语句：If it dosen't rain tomorrow,we will go to the zoo.

If you open the door,i will come in.

条件状语从句就是用以表示“在某种条件下,会……”常用if,in case,on condition等词来引导

连接词主要有 if,unless,as/so long as,on condition
that,provided,suppose,supposing 等..

主句用一般将来时,if或unless引导的条件状语从句用一般现在时.

 宾语从句用法

宾语从句的连接词：

结构：主语+谓语+宾语（陈述句语序）
【注意：1~引导词.that 2~语序v.+主+谓 由if、whether引导宾语从句 3~时态：A.主句---现在时 从句---任一时态】

、从属连词

连接宾语从句的从属连词主要有that,if,whether,和疑问词（what, how, where, when ...).

that引导表示陈述句的宾语从句,

if和whether,whether...or not引导表示“是否”的一般疑问句的宾语从句.

  

 

（二）关联代词

连接代词主要有who,whom,whose,what,whoever,whomever,whosever,whatever,whichever等.

连接代词一般指疑问,但what,whatever除了指疑问外,也可以指陈述.

Do you know who has won Battlefield3
game?

你知道是谁赢得了战地3的游戏么?

?

（三）关联副词

连接副词主要有when,where,why,how,whenever,wherever,however等.

He didn’t tell me when we should meet
again.

他没有告诉我什么时候我们能再见面.

Could you please tell me how you use the new
computer?

你能告诉我怎么用这个新的电脑吗?

None of us knows where these new parts can
be bought.

没有人知道这些的新的零件能在哪里买到.

二、动词的宾语从句

大多数及物动词都可以带宾语从句

We all expect （that ）they will win,for
members of their team are stronger.

我们都预料他们会赢,因为他们的队员更强壮.

He told us （that） they would help us through
the whole work.

他告诉我们在整个工作中,他们都会帮忙的.

部分“动词+副词”结构也可以带宾语从句

I have found out （that） all the tickets for
the concert have been sold out.

我发现这场音乐会的所有票都卖光了.

Can you work out （that）how much we will
spend during the trip

你能计算出这次旅行我们将花费多少钱吗

动词短语也可以带宾语从句

常见的这些词有：

make sure确保 make up one’s mind下决心 keep in
mind牢记

Make sure that there are no mistakes in your
papers before you turn them in.

当你在上交试卷前确保没有任何错误.

可运用形式宾语it代替的宾语从句

①动词find,feel,consider,make,believe,think等后面有宾语补足语的时候,则需要用it做形式宾语而将that宾语从句后置.

I think it necessary that we take plenty of
drinks every day .

我认为我们每天多喝饮料是有必要的.

I feel it a pity that I haven’t been to the
get-together.

我没去聚会,感觉非常遗憾.

I have made it a rule that I keep
diaries.

我每天写日记成了习惯.

We all find it important that we (should)
make a quick decision about this matter.

我们都认为对这件事马上做出决定很重要.

②有些动词带宾语从句时需要在宾语与从句前加it（双宾语）

这类动词主要有：hate,take,owe,have,see to.award,lend.hand,

mail,offer,pass,pay,post,read,return,show,teach,tell

I hate it when they say with their mouths
full of food.

我讨厌他们满嘴食物时说话.

He will have it that our plan is really
practical.

他会认为我们的计划确实可行.

We take it that you will agree with
us.

我们认为你会同意我们的.

When you start the engine,you must see to it
that car is in neutral.

开启发动机时,一定要使汽车的离合器处于空挡位置.

③若宾语从句是wh-类,则不可用it代替

We all consider what you said to be
unbelievable.

我们都认为你所说的是不可信的.

We discovered what we had learned to be
valuable.

我们发现我们所学到的东西都是有价值的.

Can you tell me if there any shop
here?

你能告诉我这里有商店吗?

三、介词的宾语从句

用whether之类的介词宾语从句：

We are talking about whether we admit
students into our club.

我们正在讨论是否让学生加入我们的俱乐部.

The new book is about how Shenzhou 20 manned
spaceship was sent up into space.

这本新书是关于神州20号载人航天飞船是如何升入太空的.

用that,if引导的介词宾语从句

有时候except,but,besides三个介词后可见到that引导的宾语从句

I know nothing about my new neighbor except
that he used to work with a company.

对于我的新邻居我只知道他曾在一家公司上班,其他一无所知.

四、形容词的宾语从句

有些形容词具有动词的含义,所以也可以带一个宾语从句,例如；

1. I am sorry I am late.I am glad that you can join us.Are you sure his answer is right?

  

常用来引导宾语从句的形容词有：
sure,certain,glad,please,happy,sorry,afraid,satisfied,surprised

I am sure I will pass the exam.

我确信我会通过考试.

I am sorry that I have troubled you so
long.

很抱歉我这么长时间在打扰你.

He is glad that Li Ming went to see him when
he was ill.

他很高兴在他生病的时候李明能去看望他.

五、if与whether

①
if和whether在作“是否”解时,引导宾语从句常放在动词know,ask,care,wonder,find out等之后,介词后一般不用if

②
少数动词,如：leave,put,discuss,doubt后的宾语从句常用whether.

③ whether后可以加or not,但是if不可以.

④ 在不定式前只能用whether.

（如：I can’t decide whether to stay.
我不能决定是否留下.）

⑥一般“no matter”后表“是否”用whether而不用if

六、不省略引导词that

当that作learn,suggest,explain,agree,wonder,prove,mean,state,feel,hold等动词的宾语时；

当宾语从句较长时；

当主语状语置于主句尾,宾语从句之前时；

当主语谓语动词(包括非谓语动词)与宾语从句之间有插入语时；

当一个动词带有两个或两个以上宾语从句时,此时第一个that可以省略,第二个that不可以省略；

当宾语从句中的主语是this,that或this,that做主语的定语时；

当宾语从句是双宾语中的直接宾语时；

当宾语从句的主语是非谓语动词或主语从句时；

当主语中的谓语动词是固定词组时；

当宾语从句有it做其先行词时；

在直接引语中,转述分句把宾语从句隔开时.

当that在从句中充当主语时

七、否定转移

主句的谓语动词是think,believe,imagine,suppose,consider,expect,fancy,guess等,并且主句的主语是第一人称而且为一般现在时,从句的否定词一般要转移到主句上来,其反义疑问句一般与宾语从句一致.

I don’t think he will come to my
party.而不能说成I think he won’t come to my party.

我认为他不会来我的舞会.

I don’t believe that man is killed by
Jim,is he

我认为那个人不是Jim所杀的,是不是

如果宾语从句中有某个含有否定意义的形容词或副词,其反义疑问句要用肯定形式.通常我们称为否定前移.

We find that he never listens to the
teacher carefully,does he

我们发现他从来不仔细听老师讲课,是不是

八、时态和语序

当主句为现在时或将来时,宾语从句的时态一般不受主句的时态所影响.

当主句为过去时

①从句用一般过去时或过去进行时表示与主句谓语动词动作同时发生

I only knew he was studying in a western
country,but I didn’t know which country he was in.

我只知道他当时在西方的一个国家读书,可不知道是哪个国家.

He asked me if I was reading the story The
Old Man and the Sea when he was in.

他问我他进来的时候我是否正在读《老人与海》.

②从句过去完成时表示该动作发生在主句谓语动作之前

He told me that he had told Mary about the
meeting already.

他告诉我他已经把有关会议的事情告诉了Mary.

③从句谓语用过去将来时表示该动作发生在主句谓语动作之后

The reporter asked if the government would
take necessary measures to put down the to-do.

记者问政府是否会采取必要的措施镇压骚乱.

④如果从句是一个客观真理,那么从句的时态不根据主句的时态而变化

The teacher said that the moon goes around
the earth yesterday.

老师昨天说月亮围着地球转.

⑤当宾语从句的引导词是who,which,what,when,where,how,why等表疑问时,不能按正常语序安排,经常将这类引导词置于句首

Who do you think the public might choose as
their favorite singer this year

你认为今年公众会选谁为他们最喜欢的歌手.

无论任何时候都为陈述语序.

编辑本段版本二

学习宾语从句要抓住三要素：引导词、语序和时态.

1.引导词

1．从句为陈述句,常选择引导词that或将that省略,直接与主句相连.

2．从句为一般疑问句,常选择引导词if或whether.在 whether … or not 结构中不能用 if 替换.

3．从句为特殊疑问句,常选择what,when,where,which,who,how等疑问代词、疑问副词作引导词.
注意：当who为主语时,句式为：who+谓语+其他.

从句的引导词有很多,如：say, think, wish , hope, see, believe, agree,
expect, hear , feel等.2. 判断时态情况

1．主句是一般现在时,从句为各种时态.

2．主句是一般过去时,从句为各种相应过去时态. 注意：从句描绘客观事实,用一般现在时.

3．关系代词：that,who,whom,whose,which

:　1． The teacher told the children that the
sun____ round.

was B. is C. were D. are

2． I believe that our team____ the
basketball match.

win B. won　C. will win　D. wins

3． I don’t know____ to visit the old
man.

whether B. if C. that D. who

4．The soldiers soon reached( )was once an
old temple(　)the villagers used as a school.

which;where B.what;which　C.where;which
D.what;where

答：选B,动词reach后接宾语从句,从句缺少宾语,where不可,which引导宾语从句时表疑问含义“哪一个…”而此句中并非疑问含义,不知道哪一座庙宇,而是用what从句表陈述含义,意“过去的一座旧庙宇”；temple后为对其修饰的定语从句,用关系代词which代替,并在从句中作动词used的宾语,use sth. as…“把…用作…”.

宾语从句用作宾语.如：

Do you know where he lives

定语从句相当于一个形容词,用于修饰前面的名词.如：

The student who answered the question was
John. 回答问题的学生是John.

This is the man whom he is looking
for.

Do you know the girl who is in red?

3. 宾语从句的用法

1．that引导宾语从句无意义,不充当句子成分常省略.但下列情况除外：

①．介词宾语从句的that不能省略.

②． and连接的两个从句,两个从句的that不能省略.

He told me that he had two sons and that
they both had gone to college.

③．在动词+it+宾语补足语+宾语从句结构中,that不省略.

I heard it said that he had gone
abroad

We found it impossible that he could finish
it in such a short time

Whether,if 引导宾语从句：两词可互换,但是下列情形除外：

①．whether从句中有or not

②．whether从句做介词宾语

Everything depends on whether you agree
with us

3．许多带复合宾语的句子,宾语从句经常移到句子后部,而用it做形式宾语.结构是：

主语 + 动词 + it + 形容词/名词等宾语补足语 + 宾语从句

We think it wrong that he told a lie to
everyone.

①．宾语从句的语序要用陈述句语序.

False: He is wondering when can he finish
this difficult job.

Right: He is wondering when he can finish
this difficult job.

②. 有时候可以用it 作形式宾语,而把真正的宾语从句放在后面.

Bad: I thought that he could finish this
job in just two hours impossible.

Good: I thought it impossible that he could
finish this job in just two hours.

Bad: He left whether we should continue
this project to my judgment.

Good: He left it to my judgment whether we
should continue this project.

③. 带有宾语从句的复合句的否定形式一般是否定主句.

Bad: I think he doesn’t like the English
teacher.

Good: I don’t think he likes the English
teacher.

④. 主句一般过去时态,从句也要用过去时态；具体细节请看第一部分.

False: He wanted to know why he is crying
in the corner.

Right: He wanted to know why he was crying
in the corner.

 eg．

Tell him which class you are in ．

Do you know what he likes?

（2）完成反意问句

在think / believe / suppose / guess /
imagine / expect等动词后跟宾语从句否定式时,应转移到主句上去,完成反意问句时,应与从句主、谓保持一致.（注： 否定前移的条件是,主句主语是第一人称）

eg． I don't think you are right,are
you

I don't believe they have finished their
work yet,have they

（3）运用虚拟语气

在表示：

建议 suggest 、advise、propose;

要求demand 、desire、request；

决定 decide;

命令 order、command、require;

坚决主张 insist;

等动词后跟宾语从句,用（should）+v．（虚拟语气）

eg． I suggested that you（should）study
hard．

He ordered that we should go out at
once．

（4）宾语从句后置

如果宾语从句后有宾语补语,用it作形式宾语,把宾语从句后置

eg．You may think it strange that he would
live there．

（5）that不可省略

宾语从句that常可省略,但在以下情况下不能省略

A．当主句谓语动词带有两个或两个以上宾语从句时,可以省略第一个that,其他不能省略.

eg．I believe（that）you have done your best
and thatthings will get better．

B．当it作形式宾语时

eg．She made it clear that she had nothing
to do with him．

C．当宾语从句前置时

eg．That our team will win,I believe．

 

  

 &nb;

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