定语从句所有引导词用法（高中）

定语从句所有引导词用法（高中）
定语从句所有引导词用法（高中）

定语从句所有引导词用法（高中）
1.who指人,在从句中做主语
(1) The boys who are playing football are from Class One.
(2) Yesterday I helped an old man who lost his way.
2.whom指人,在定语从句中充当宾语,常可省略.
(1) Mr.Liu is the person (whom) you talked about on the bus.
(2) Mr.Ling is just the boy whom I want to see.
注意：关系代词whom在口语和非正式语体中常用who代替,可省略.
(3) The man who/whom you met just now is my friend.
3.which指物,在定语从句中做主语或者宾语,做宾语时可省略
(1) Football is a game which is liked by most boys.
(2) This is the pen (which) he bought yesterday.
4.that指人时,相当于who或者whom；指物时,相当于which.在宾语从句中做主语或者宾语,做宾语时可省略.
(5) The number of the people that/who come to visit the city each year rises one million.
(6) Where is the man that/whom I saw this morning?
5.whose通常指人,也可指物,在定语从句中做定语
(1) He has a friend whose father is a doctor.
(2) I once lived in a house whose roof has fallen in.
whose指物时,常用以下结构来代替
(3) The classroom whose door is broken will soon be repaired.
(4) The classroom the door of which is broken will soon be repaired.
(5) Do you like the book whose cover is yellow?
(6) Do you like the book the color of which is yellow?
三.介词+关系代词引导的定语从句
关系代词在定语从句中做介词宾语时,从句常由介词+关系代词引导
(1) The school (that/which) he once studied in is very famous.
(2) The school in which he once studied is very famous.
(3) Tomorrow I will bring here a magazine (that/which) you asked for.
(4) Tomorrow I will bring here a magazine for which you asked.
(5) We’ll go to hear the famous singer (whom/that/who) we have often talked about.
(6) We’ll go to hear the famous singer about whom we have often talked.
注意：1.含有介词的动词短语一般不拆开使用,如：look for,look after,take care of等
(1) This is the watch which/that I am looking for.(T)
(2) This is the watch for which I am looking.(F)
2.若介词放在关系代词前,关系代词指人时用whom,不可用who或者that；指物时用which,不能用that；关系代词是所有格时用whose
(1) The man with whom you talked is my friend.(T)
(2) The man who/that you talked with is my friend.(F)
(3) The plane in which we flew to Canada is very comfortable.(T)
(4) The plane in that we flew in to Canada is very comfortable.(F)
3.“介词+关系代词”前可有some,any,none,both,all,neither,most,each,few等代词或者数词
(1) He loved his parents deeply,both of whom are very kind to him.
(2) In the basket there are quite many apples,some of which have gone bad.
(3) There are forty students in our class in all,most of whom are from big cities.
四．关系副词引导的定语从句
1.when指时间,在定语从句中做时间状语
(1) I still remember the day when I first came to the school.
(2) The time when we got together finally came.
2.where指地点,在定语从句中做地点状语
(1) Shanghai is the city where I was born.
(2) The house where I lived ten years ago has been pulled down.
3.why指原因,在定语从句中做原因状语
(1) Please tell me the reason why you missed the plane.
(2) I don’t know the reason why he looks unhappy today.
注意：关系副词引导的从句可以由“介词+关系代词”引导的从句替换
(1) The reason why/ for which he refused the invitation is not clear,
(2) From the year when/in which he was going to school he began to know what he wanted when he grew up.
(3) Great changes have taken place in the city in which./where I was born.

关系代词，that(从句中作主语宾语，表语指人或物) ,which（从句中作主语和宾语只指物） who（从句作主语可代替whom作宾语，只指人） ,whose ,（代人代物都可以，只作定语）whom（只作宾语，指人） .as（可作主语，宾语，指人或物）
关系副词，when where why以上三个在从句中只作状语，分别是时间，地点，原因。
要判断一个从句用哪个关系词最主要是看它...

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关系代词，that(从句中作主语宾语，表语指人或物) ,which（从句中作主语和宾语只指物） who（从句作主语可代替whom作宾语，只指人） ,whose ,（代人代物都可以，只作定语）whom（只作宾语，指人） .as（可作主语，宾语，指人或物）
关系副词，when where why以上三个在从句中只作状语，分别是时间，地点，原因。
要判断一个从句用哪个关系词最主要是看它的先行词（从句所修饰的那个词）在从句作什么成份，再根据这一成份找出以上的那两类关系词，如this is the town that/which we visited last year.（这句中先行词在从句中作宾语，用关系代词引导。）
this is the city where Tom was born.(这句中先行词在从句作状语用关系副词引导)
I live in the house whose door is black.
先行词作宾语可省略引导词。

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定语从句的引导词是由关系代词和关系副词引导。关系代词是 that which who whom whose,而关系副词是where，when,why.它们在定语从句中分别作从句中的主语，定语、宾语 状语。

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